来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：心理学导论 第4集 第4集》

• 
  
  Reinforcement is something that makes the behavior increase.
  强化会导致人们行为反应概率的增加
• 
  
  Negative reinforcement is very different from punishment.
  负强化与惩罚之间有着很大的区别
• 
  
  Negative reinforcement is just a type of reward.
  负强化只是奖励的一种形式而已
• 
  
  The difference is in positive reinforcement you do something;
  区别就是 在正强化中你接受某种刺激
• 
  
  in negative reinforcement you take away something aversive.
  而在负强化中你回避了某种厌恶刺激
• 
  
  So, imagine the pig has a heavy collar
  所以 想象这头猪带着很重的项圈
• 
  
  and to reward the pig for walking forward
  作为对这头猪向前走的奖励
• 
  
  you might remove the heavy collar.
  你可以把项圈拿掉
• 
  
  So, these are the basic techniques to train an animal.
  这些是训练动物的基本技术
• 
  
  But it's kind of silly
  但这样做有些愚蠢
• 
  
  because suppose you want your pig to dance.
  因为 假设你想让你的猪跳舞
• 
  
  You don't just want your pig to walk forward.
  你不只想让这头猪向前走