conflict. "Where the middling element is

亚里士多德写道当中间力量足够大时
great," Aristotle writes, "factional conflict and splits over

同派别的分裂与不同派系的冲突
the nature of regimes occur least of all."

将尤其不容易出现
So Aristotle, in a way, has discovered long before

从某种程度上来说亚里士多德比
James Madison's famous article in ,

詹姆斯·麦迪逊在
the remedy for the control and containment, so to

《联邦主义者文集》发表著名文章
speak, of faction.

前已经了发现控制派系冲突的方法
You remember, many of you if not all of you who have read the

你们大部分人读过《联邦主义者文集》
Tenth Federalist Paper, that Madison outlines a scheme for

应该记得麦迪逊概括了
an extended republic, he says, where numerous factions,

一个扩展共和政体的方法他说
in many ways, check and balance one another, compete with one

多数的派系都是相互制衡相互竞争
another and therefore, avoid the dominance of a single

因此避免了单一党派的统治所导致的