Mali, where I've been

我去过马里
because my daughter was just studying in Touareg

因为我女儿在马里北部的图阿雷格做研究
in northern Mali, north of Timbuktu.

在廷巴克图的北部
The Touareg are a people who had no sense of borders.

图阿雷格人就没有边界意识
There were Touareg across other borders, too.

也有图阿雷格人越过其他国家地区的界限
Borders are something that were artificially constructed by these powers

边界就是被这些势力人为地构建起来的
to say, "Here. Our empire goes there

比方说 "这儿是我们的国家边界
and yours doesn't start until there."

你们的在那儿才开始"
And, so, as these people rise up to defend their own territory,

当这些人起义为他们的领土奋起反抗时
they are systematically massacred.

他们被彻底地屠杀了
They basically first decide to crush the uprising at all costs.

他们开始决定不惜一切代价镇压起义
There is in 1904 an extermination order.

在1904年有一个屠杀命令