the legitimate heir to the throne was his brother, James,

王位的法定继承人就成了他的弟弟詹姆斯
and the only problem with James was that he was Roman Catholic.

詹姆斯面临唯一的问题就是罗马天主教会
And we already know from Hobbes that this was

在讲霍布斯的时候我们就提到过
a big trouble at that time in Britain.

在当时的英国这是一个大难题
So the parliament, and Shaftesbury himself,

议会和沙夫茨伯里自己
feared that Roman Catholics will restore their influence,

都担心教会会恢复他们的影响
and therefore the parliament's role will be reduced.

从而削弱议会的权力
And then in '73,

因此1673年
the parliament was considering a so-called Test Act.

议会酝酿出了所谓的《宗教考查法》
And this is really an ugly act,

这个法案非常丑恶
because the Test Act meant that you have to be tested

宗教考查法规定你必须接受检查
whether you are Roman Catholic

证明你属于罗马教会