来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：1600年后西方社会的流行病 第3集 第3集》

• 
  
  and only then moving inland by road and river traffic.
  然后通过公路和内河交通来侵犯内陆
• 
  
  Infected rats would clamor aboard ships,
  被感染的老鼠会通过绳索和甲板
• 
  
  by ropes and gangplanks,
  在船上引起骚乱
• 
  
  or they could be lifted aboard in crates of grain
  或者通过装运粮食或者衣服的
• 
  
  or shipments of clothes.
  箱子被带到国外
• 
  
  Istanbul was a great hub of trade in the Middle East,
  伊斯坦布尔以前是中东的贸易中心
• 
  
  and it linked the rest of the Mediterranean world
  并且通过在巴尔干半岛 威尼斯
• 
  
  by trade overland across the Balkans,
  那不勒斯 热那亚 马赛
• 
  
  and by ship to Venice, Naples,
  巴伦西亚之间的船运
• 
  
  Genoa, Marseilles, Valencia.
  与地中海其他国家保持联系
• 
  
  Sometimes there was havoc at sea
  有时当全部船员和乘客在
• 
  
  when a whole crew and its passengers would be killed
  到岸前被瘟疫杀死时