When we think about identity, we usually think of race or ethnicity

当我们思考特质时会习惯性地联想到
but sometimes minority status is going to be claimed or

肤色和种族但有时在小圈子里的地位会很重要
identity is going to be claimed on religious or philosophical grounds

特质的塑造是基于宗教与哲学的背景之上
or just on the grounds of personality difference,

或仅仅是基于个性不同
someone who's strange.

比如某个很奇怪的人
Salinger is sort of fond of this. Catcher in the Rye is an

塞林杰似乎很赞同这个观点《麦田里的守望者》
example, I think, of this, where Holden Caulfield is

就能证明霍尔顿·考尔菲德与他所在的世界
at odds with his world because he just sees things really differently.

格格不入因为他看世界的眼光的确很特别
One of the kinds of claims that you have to be prepared to make,

如果你想得出的结论涉及的时段很长
if you're making these broad period-based claims,

一定要确保的是
is that your claim is specific to your particular time period.

你的结论与你所选的特定时间段相吻合
Now, you have to define your time period.

现在你需要确定要研究的时段