is essential to our survival. We see novel things all the time and

对我们的生存至关重要我们每时每刻都接触新鲜事物
if we were not capable of learning and making guesses,

如果我们不能学习和推测
educated guesses, about these novel things we would not be able to survive.

对这些新事物做出可靠的猜测我们就不能生存下去
So, when you see this object over here you categorize it as a chair

当你在这里看到这个物体你把它归类为一张椅子
and you recognize that you could probably sit on it.

然后你认识到你应该可以坐上去
This apple is probably edible, this dog probably barks and has a tail and eat me

这苹果大概可以吃的那条狗可能会吠有尾巴会咬我
eats me and doesn't speak English.

咬我且不会说英文的
These are all stereotypes about chairs and about apples and about dogs.

这些都是我们对椅子苹果和狗的刻板印象
It doesn't mean they're logically true. This could be a vegetarian dog,

这在逻辑上并不一定是正确的也许是条吃素的狗
a poison apple, an explosive chair, but they're typically true.

有毒的苹果会爆炸的椅子但它们通常是正确的
And if you were suddenly stripped of your ability to make generalizations,

如果你突然失去归纳的能力
you'd be at a loss. You wouldn't know what to eat, how to interact.

你会不知所措你不知道吃什么不知道怎么与人交往