来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：欧洲文明 第9集 第9集》

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  The middle class formed voluntary associations,
  中产阶级创立了很多志愿组织
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  and many of these were for extremely charitable purposes,
  其中不少还是纯粹出于慈善目的
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  particularly in Britain.
  尤其是在英国
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  Again, the study that I referred to
  而且 我之前提到的
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  by somebody called Morris--
  一个叫莫里斯的人做的研究
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  I think it's Morris--on Leeds shows the kind of richness
  好像是叫莫里斯 他关于利兹市的研究表明
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  and depth to these voluntary associations
  该市的慈善团体做了广泛而深入的慈善活动
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  in which people try to do an awful lot for ordinary people.
  对普通人民给予了很多帮助
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  It has a sense of moralizing.
  这些活动都有一种道德教化的意义
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  There's always this sort of top-down look about moralizing them,
  他们总是给予这种自上而下的道德教化
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  and trying to get the workers to drink less,
  试图让工人们戒酒
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  trying to get them to go to church, trying to get them,
  让他们去教堂礼拜