来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：欧洲文明 第9集 第9集》

• 
  
  Then you have to imagine this as a ladder, like this.
  想象这是一个梯子
• 
  
  Social mobility is the goal.
  社会流动就是最终目标
• 
  
  You want to have enough money to leave to your 2.2 children.
  你想给两三个孩子留下充裕的财富
• 
  
  Then to really make this goal you'd have to have vines up here
  为了实现这个目标 梯子的这个位置就得有藤蔓
• 
  
  like the jungle.
  就像在丛林里一样 提供向上爬的依附
• 
  
  Then you'd have to grease palm through bad economic times.
  经济萧条时期你需要用贿赂来维持地位
• 
  
  Let's say in Europe 1816-17--don't write this down,
  欧洲在1816至1817年 不用记
• 
  
  if you do, you're compulsive--I'm compulsive--
  如果做笔记的话 就跟不上讲课的进度了
• 
  
  but 1826-27,1840-41, really bad one, 1846-47,1855,
  1826年至27年 1840年至41年 1846年至47年和1855年
• 
  
  those are the really bad years.
  这几年是很糟糕的
• 
  
  At that point, if you don't get credit,
  那时 如果你没能申请到贷款
• 
  
  that's what's going on now, here.
  我们现在贷款就挺困难的