来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：资本主义：成功、危机与改革 第4集 第4集》

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  of punishing them to the point of bankruptcy.
  垄断企业也会把他们推到破产的边缘
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  Third, these are products that are not discretionary;
  第三 并不是任何产品都能垄断
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  they're hard to substitute for.
  只有那些很难被取代的才可以
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  You can't have a serious monopoly in children's games.
  儿童玩具业中就不会又一系列的垄断产生
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  You can't have a serious monopoly
  生产须后润肤乳或香水的行业
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  in a given fragrance of aftershave lotion or of perfume.
  也很难催生垄断
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  Serious monopolies are always in things which people need
  人们生活的必需品中总是产生严重的垄断
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  and for which they don't readily find substitutes.
  而这些产品都不能够轻易找到替代品
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  The firm is vertically integrated,
  企业经过纵向整合
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  and by vertical integration I mean,
  我所说的纵向整合是指
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  think about starting--well,
  从生产源头开始考虑
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  let's take the laptop in front of you.
  比如你面前的手提电脑