Let's talk about that.

我们来谈谈垄断
On the left side of this little diagram

在这图表的左边
we have ways to build a monopoly,

是建立垄断的方法
and on the right side, ways to burn a monopoly.

右边是打破垄断的方法
And on the vertical we have market forces

纵向的是市场力量
and on the horizontal, the top horizontal, we have market forces.

横向的顶端横向的是市场力量
The bottom horizontal we have governmental forces,

底部横向的是政府力量
and let's just get ourselves familiar

现在我们来熟悉一下
with the four resulting cells.

四个产生的单元
Scale and scope, mostly scale;

规模和范围主要是规模
if there are returns to scale

如果大规模生产
so that each widget gets cheaper to produce

每个机械的生产成本就会减少