来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：1600年后西方社会的流行病 第14集 第14集》

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  And remember that Pasteur was not a physician
  大家要注意巴斯德并不是内科医生
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  but a chemist originally.
  而是一个化学家
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  Well, what he did was to discover that
  他发现了
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  the fermentation was caused instead by living microorganisms,
  发酵是由微生物引起的
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  bacteria that he identified through the microscope.
  他通过显微镜辨认出细菌
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  Now, this was a high-profile investigation in the 1860s,
  这在六十年代是一个备受瞩目的研究
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  for the simple reason that the production of wine and beer
  仅仅是因为红酒和啤酒的生产
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  involved two of France's major economic activities.
  是两个法国主要经济活动
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  Pasteur--and this was part of his genius--
  巴斯德的天才之处在于
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  immediately made a far-reaching connection.
  他立刻做出了一个意义深远的联系
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  In his estimate, the fermentation that he saw
  他初步判断酒类的发酵
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  in wine and beer, now caused by bacteria,was analogous
  由细菌产生