and caused infection or septicemia.

微生物通过伤口进入人体而造成
The remedy was to prevent the penetration of the microorganism,

那么防止微生物进入体内就能解决问题
the idea of antisepsis.

这便是抗菌术的概念
So, Lister accepted Pasteur's insight

李斯特接受巴斯德的观点
that infections were not a chemical reaction,

认为感染不是伤口暴露在空气中
caused by oxidation when air touched a wound.

而产生的氧化反应
Instead, infection was the result of contamination,

而是外在的微生物
from the outside, of the wound by microorganisms.

污染伤口所导致的
His solution first was this,

他提出的解决方法最先是
the carbolic spray device that he invented.

使用他所发明的这种石碳酸喷洒器
What you did was to spray the air around the patient,

在病人周围或者直接向伤口上
applying carbolic acid also directly to the wound.

喷洒石碳酸