wrote a book called The Open Society and Its Enemies.

写下了这本叫作《开放社会及其敌人》的著作
He wanted to know what were the causes

他想要知道极权主义的经历是因谁而起
or who was responsible for the experiences of totalitarianism,

或是应由谁负责
both in Stalin's Russia and in Hitler's Germany.

存在于斯大林的苏俄和希特勒的德国
In the course of this inquiry, he concluded that

在探究的过程中他总结出
not only Hegel and Marx were important in that particular genealogy,

在这一系统中不仅黑格尔和马克思是重要的
but this went back to Plato as well, Plato principally.

柏拉图也是重要的而且他占了绝大部分
Plato, who Popper accuses in a passionate,

波普尔激烈地指责帕拉图
albeit not very well written book,

虽然这不是本写的很好的书
accuses Plato of being the first to establish a kind of totalitarian dictatorship.

他指责柏拉图第一个建立了某种极权主义的独裁地位
Is that true?

这是真的吗
Plato's Republic is, we will discover as you read,

在你阅读的时候我们会发现柏拉图的《理想国》是