which is four years after the commencement of the Peloponnesian War.

那时伯罗奔尼撒战争已经开始四年了
He was a young man of 23 when the democracy in Athens was defeated.

当雅典的民主政治被击败的时候他才是一位23岁的青年
He was only 28 when the restored democracy

公元前399年当他重建好民主政治时他才28岁
executed his friend and teacher, Socrates, in 399.

这政治处死了对于他亦师亦友的苏格拉底
Almost immediately after the trial of Socrates,

几乎就是在苏格拉底的审判之后
Plato left Athens and traveled extensively throughout the Greek world.

柏拉图离开了雅典周游希腊各国
Upon his return, he established this school at Athens he called the Academy,

他一回来就在雅典建立了他称为学园的学校
for the training of philosophers, statesmen, and legislators.

以培养哲学家政治家和立法者
Plato lived a long time.

柏拉图活了很久
He lived until the age of 80.

他活到了80岁
Except for two expeditions to Sicily, where he went at the request of Dionysius,

除了两次应狄俄尼索斯的邀请前去西西里岛
to help try to establish a philosophical kingship in Syracuse,

协助他在锡拉库扎建立哲学王权