and it was the official doctrine of risanamento;

也是官方的信条
that is, the rebuilding of Naples.

也就是在那不勒斯城重建时
Now, in the history of medicine and public health,

在医学公共卫生和流行病学的历史中
and epidemiology, the cholera epidemic of 1854

1854年的霍乱显得很突出
looms large, giving rise to two foundational

它提出了两个有关流行病学的基础内容
texts of epidemiology, on opposite sides of the debate.

也就是这个争论的另一面
On the one side we see John Snow;

一方面我们了解约翰·斯诺
and you've read his On the Mode of Communication of cholera,

你们读过他的著作《论霍乱的传染方式》
the final version of which--it

你们读的是这本书的最后一版
was first drafted in 1849,

该书第一次发行于1849年
but the draft that you have appeared after this event.

但你们看的版本是1854年霍乱之后的
And this was the classic statement of the contagionist view,

这是经典的有关接触性传染的观点