来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：生物医学工程探索 第24集 第24集》

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  This is an example of biomedical engineering for diagnosis.
  这是生物医学工程在诊断上的一个例子
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  Pap smears also done during routine pelvic exams in women,
  同样在女性盆腔检查时会做宫颈刮片检查
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  where a swab is used to
  在那个部位会用棉签
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  remove some cells from the cervical region.
  从子宫颈区域取些许细胞
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  Then you can look at these cells under the microscope
  然后你就可以在显微镜下面观察细胞
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  and here's what a normal Pap smear would look like.
  这里展示了正常的子宫颈刮片检查的样子
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  You can see the cells are flat,
  你可以看到细胞是平坦的
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  they have small nuclei,
  它们有小的核
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  not a lot of protein
  并没有很多的蛋白质
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  and so the cells don't stain very darkly.
  所以细胞并没有很深的染色
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  Malignant cells, on the other hand,
  恶性肿瘤细胞 相反
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  cells that indicate there might be cancer present
  显示有癌变的细胞