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Oh, that's going to slow things down.
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One out of 1,000 chemicals.
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So the burden of proof, the standard of proof,
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is a really critical issue.
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So for civil actions, you need to remember that
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the plaintiff needs to demonstrate that damage occurred
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not beyond a reasonable doubt,
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but by the standard of preponderance of the evidence.
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In other words, it's more likely than not that
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the defendant caused the damage.
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Think about that with respect to the standard of proof
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required if you wanted to submit a paper to Science magazine.