来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：现代社会理论基础 第22集 第22集》

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  Well there are differences in law in pre-modern and modern societies.
  近现代与现代社会的法律有所不同
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  Now we are getting into he's building the argument up to
  我们将看到他对无意识的团结
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  make the distinction between mechanical and organic solidarity.
  和有意识的团结的不同认识
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  And let me just go through of this.
  我将对此进行说明
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  So the argument is then in pre-modern societies the law
  论点是在近现代社会中
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  which existed is primarily a repressive or penal law.
  仍旧存在镇压及刑罚类的法律
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  Well there is--the purpose of punishment is to punish evil behavior.
  这样的目的是惩罚恶行
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  And we tend to agree what is evil behavior is,
  我们倾向于以严酷的手段
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  and punishments therefore also tends to be harsh,
  惩罚罪恶的行为
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  to prevent further aggressive behavior by individuals.
  以此预防侵犯行为再次发生
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  So this is the legal system of pre-modern societies.
  这是近现代社会的法制系统
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  Well I will give you a couple of citations,
  我将会给出一些例证