This is what scientists do,

科学家们使用各种方法和仪器
when they use measures and instruments.

正是为了避免主观
That's what--he's very much attracted to

因此他非常着迷于
the scientific reasoning in sociology;

社会学的科学推理
It's a very French idea.

这是个非常法国式的观点
Well then he makes a distinction between normal and pathological.

然后他定义了常态和病态之间的区别
So what is the difference between normal and pathological?

那么常态和病态之间的区别是什么呢
Well he said, "Normal is the most frequent form of action." right?

他说 "常态是频率最高的行动形式"
We need a conception for normality,

我们需要一个常态的概念
because we just cannot operate without defining normality.

不定义常态的概念我们就无法进行推演
But how can we do that, and at the same time remain objective,

我们怎样做才能在下定义的同时保持客观呢
when we can say something is abnormal without us making it?

我们怎样才能客观地认定某事物是异常的呢