Alexander and his successors is

做出最重要的贡献之一就是
they Hellenized the entire Eastern Mediterranean,

使整个地中海东部希腊化
and that meant every major city

这意味着每个大城市
would have a certain commonality to it.

都与古希腊城邦有着一定的共性
It would have a certain koine to it;

比如共同使用古希腊共通语
that is, a Greek overlay, over what may be also be there,

如同希腊文化覆盖了原来的一切
the original indigenous kind of cultures and languages.

覆盖于原来的本土文化和语言之上
The other thing you have is religious syncretism.

他们另外一个贡献就是宗教融合
I didn't put that down, so just in case.

我没把那个词写在讲义上现在写在黑板上
The Greek word synkresis means "A mixing together."

希腊语synkresis意思是融合在一起
When Alexander gets to Persia, or let's say when he gets to Egypt,

当亚历山大到达波斯到达埃及
he knows that there is this god Isis,

他知道那里有个神名叫艾西斯