来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：1871年后的法国 第13集 第13集》

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  from the tragedies of the ethnic cleansing of the 1990s,
  在二十世纪九十年代遭遇种族大清洗惨剧的
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  Serbs, Muslims, and Catholic Croats.
  塞尔维亚人 穆斯林人 天主教克罗地亚人
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  Now, the alliance system of the late nineteenth century,
  十九世纪末期的同盟国的体系
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  which in its own way helps-- is one of the causes of World War one--
  用自己的方式成为一次世界大战的原因之一
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  there are others, too, that I'll discuss in awhile
  也有其他原因 这方面我一会将讨论
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  but it hinges on German and French antagonism,
  这关键在于德法的对立
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  and it hinges on the competing interests of Austro-Hungary and russia in the Balkans,
  以及奥匈帝国与俄国在巴尔干地区的利益争端
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  and--here I'm summarizing-- germany's fear of being attacked
  这里我总结一下德国的担忧
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  from both east and west by Russia and France.
  来自俄国和法国东西两线的攻击
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  So, at the beginning you've got-- those are three--there are five big powers,
  从一开始 大家知道有三个国家 其实有五个
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  and Bismarck once said, and uses a French phrase, which is interesting,
  俾斯麦曾用一个有趣的法国习语说过
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  because French was always the language of diplomacy,
  因为法国人总是很会说外交语言