来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：1871年后的法国 第13集 第13集》

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  as opposed to ones made older, and that sort of thing.
  反观英国 他们生产的要落后
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  So, they're nipping at their heels and in some aspects
  因此 德国在一些方面紧跟英国后面
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  even in steel production increasing.
  甚至在钢铁生产方面还在增长
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  And they go way ahead in chemistry;
  他们在化学领域的发展也走在前面
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  the Germans are without any question the leading power in chemical production
  德国在化学生产和实验方面无可争议的成为领导者
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  and chemical experimentation, and the universities play a major role in that.
  他们的大学在其中扮演重要角色
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  So, and that with this economic rivalry is--which has things,
  因此 随着经济的竞争
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  is involved in Africa, imperial rivalry there,
  使得在非洲皇位的争夺也被卷入
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  et cetera, et cetera
  等等
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  goes the naval rivalry that heats up after the turn of the century.
  在世纪之交之后 加速了海军的竞争
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  And in both Germany and in Britain, as in France,
  在德国和英国 同样在法国
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  you've got these naval leagues,
  你会看到这些海军社团