来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：1600年后西方社会的流行病 第10集 第10集》

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  because of the frequency of their mutations,
  而占有遗传优势
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  and the extremely brief length of a microbial generation,
  同时与人类相比
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  compared with a human one.
  微生物拥有较短的生命周期
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  So, new diseases have always been emerging and appearing.
  因此 新疾病不断涌现
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  And Asiatic cholera is a good example of what we might--
  亚细亚霍乱就是一个很好的例子
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  though let's be mindful, it would be historically anachronistic--
  我们研究它很有意义
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  we might call it a great emerging disease of the nineteenth century.
  如果把它称作十九世纪的病毒是不正确的
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  There is a scholarly debate on whether cholera had long existed
  这里有一个学术争端
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  on the Indian subcontinent,
  有关霍乱是在印度次大陆早就存在的
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  and whether it went back for centuries or not.
  还是新近出现的
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  It clearly, by the early nineteenth century,
  在十九世纪早期
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  had an endemic home on the Indian subcontinent,
  霍乱显然已在印度次大陆肆虐