来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：1600年后西方社会的流行病 第10集 第10集》

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  is to cause it to work in reverse;
  引起肠部反过来工作
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  that is, to drain fluid from the bloodstream into the bowel,
  即将血液循环中的液体吸入至肠部
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  and from there it's expelled.
  然后再从肠部排出
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  So, the mechanism by which cholera kills first of all,
  因此 霍乱致死首先且主要的机理便是
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  and predominantly, is a sort of hemorrhaging to death,
  大出血致死
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  in which the blood serum loses its fluidly massively--
  即大量血清液体流失
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  liters can be expelled in a matter of a few hours--
  在几小时内便会排出几公升的液体
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  and the patient hemorrhages to death,
  随后 病患便大出血而亡
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  in effect, losing its blood plasma and excreting
  其作用在于 流失血浆
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  what are called the famous rice-water stools,
  和我们通常所称的 排泄米泔水样便
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  and the patient goes into hypovolemic shock.
  随后病患会发生血量减少性休克
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  Nineteenth-century physicians said--
  十九世纪时的医生如此形容道