and in the beginning of 1870 there's a wave of strikes.

一八七零年开年法国便迎来了一场罢工潮
Strikes had been illegal in France until 1864.

而在一八六四年以前罢工在法国是非法的
Unions would be illegal in France until 1881; but,

工会更是直到一八八一年才得以合法化
so, you had a wave of strikes.

当时发生了罢工潮
So, that's really the first context

这就是第一个时代背景
and the mobilization of many ordinary people living in Paris.

巴黎的许多普通民众都受到了鼓动
The second context is the Franco-Prussian War,

第二个背景是普法战争
which you can read about in Chip Sowerwine's book.

详情你们能从奇普·苏尔万的书中读到
But, basically what happens is that Louis Napoleon, Napoleon III,

但事情基本上就是路易?拿破仑拿破仑三世
gets suckered into a war without any allies

陷入了战争的泥潭孤立无援
at all because of various dumb things

这全是因为他做了一堆蠢事去对抗
that he'd done against the very clever, extremely aggressive

睿智而雄心勃勃的普鲁士宰相