来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：现代社会理论基础 第2集 第2集》

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  And you make that and you test your hypotheses.
  完成之后再检验你的假设
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  That's how it we would say it today.
  那是我们今天的说法
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  And this is what Bacon learned from Galileo and adapted his methodology.
  通过向伽利略学习培根改造了自己的方法论
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  Now this is René Descartes,
  现在来讲讲勒奈·笛卡尔
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  one of the greatest philosophers of his times and of all times.
  他是当时乃至历史上最伟大的哲学家之一
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  Descartes ascribed to something what I call dualism. Right?
  笛卡尔主张二元论
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  Dualism really meant that he separated the soul and body from each other,
  真正的二元论意味着他区分了灵魂与肉体
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  and Hobbes rejected this idea of dualism
  霍布斯则反对二元论的观点
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  because he suggested that--
  因为他提出
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  in fact, they were engaged in a big debate on optics, what we do see.
  我们知道 事实上他们在光学上也有争论
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  And he, Hobbes, was advocating that there must be
  霍布斯主张一定存在真正的客体
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  a real object whose movement we see, what we actually can see.
  我们可以也确实能够看到它