来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：现代社会理论基础 第18集 第18集》

• 
  
  even then, it did hold.
  即便这种血缘关系确实存在
• 
  
  Well one sub-case is, of course, slavery.
  另外还有个关于奴隶制的例子
• 
  
  I'll leave it out, but let me talk about gerontocracy.
  我们就不讲了 但我要提一下长老制
• 
  
  There are some systems in which the elders rule;
  在一些体制中 统治者是些老年人
• 
  
  the older person has the authority.
  这些老人享有权威
• 
  
  Well gerontocracy is again something which is not unheard
  其实 长老制在现代社会中
• 
  
  of from modern societies as well.
  同样算不上什么前所未闻的东西
• 
  
  Now let me move onto patrimonial domination.
  现在让我来看看世袭统治
• 
  
  And it does emerge--typically emerge--
  它出现于 最典型的世袭出现于
• 
  
  when an administrative staff is being created.
  行政下属出现之时
• 
  
  This is larger societies.
  那时 社会变得更庞大了
• 
  
  You need armies and policemen and tax collectors
  需要靠军队 警察和收税人