it could be something like "The hammer"

可能类似于"铁锤"
So he could be "Judah the hammer"

所以他可能是"犹太之锤"
But it may have been an attribute from him being a very good general

但这可能是因为他是个出色的将军
and winning a lot of battles

在多场战争中获胜而得名
Against all odds

面对重重困难
this rag tag bunch of basically guerilla fighters,

这支基本上是拼凑而成的的游击武装
up against a far superior army of

在对抗安条奥库斯四世
Antiochus IV Epiphanes

伊彼凡尼的精锐部队时
they beat them, they retook Jerusalem

取得了胜利他们夺回了耶路撒冷
they didn't actually beat them in Syria

他们并没有在叙利亚真正击败他们
they just beat them several battles in Judea

他们只是在犹太的几场战争中获胜
and Judas was able to recapture jerusalem and the temple.

犹大夺回了耶路撒冷和那些神殿