来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：1600年后西方社会的流行病 第12集 第12集》

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  So, Fracastoro didn't adhere to the Americanist position.
  法兰卡斯特罗没有依附美洲人的地位
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  Then there's perhaps a third more modern idea, or hypothesis,
  然后可能会有第三个更现代的意见或假设
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  is that perhaps the causative agent of syphilis emerged
  就是也许梅毒病原体是以
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  in a Darwinian manner;
  达尔文进化论中的形式出现的
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  the spirochete or treponema pallidum,
  梅毒原虫或说梅毒密螺旋体
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  arose perhaps as a mutation of some pre-existing treponemes
  也许是由一些已存的螺旋体突变而来的
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  that are morphologically very similar under the microscope,
  显微镜下在形态学上与密螺旋体十分相似
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  and perhaps it was--it emerged as
  也许它是
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  an evolution from the treponeme that causes yaws.
  热带肉芽肿的螺旋体进化而来
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  In any case, it was clear that whatever the site of its origin,
  很明确的是 无论梅毒从何而来
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  it spread across Europe with terrifying rapidity.
  它以令人恐惧的速度席卷了欧洲
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  One can see the role of warfare, in particular,
  可以看到战争起到的作用 特别是