来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：1600年后西方社会的流行病 第12集 第12集》

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  difficult to explain within the traditional framework of humoralism.
  很难用传统体液理论来解释的流行病
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  At the same time, the disease had no real place in the Classics.
  同时 这种疾病在经典中没有位置
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  Humoralism was static,
  体液学说是统计意义上的
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  and had no way of accommodating emerging diseases.
  不能适应新出现的疾病
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  So, what do you do with a disease that was unknown to the ancients?
  那你怎么对待一种在古代未知的疾病呢
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  Syphilis was also clearly contagious, everyone could see that,
  梅毒很显然是传染性的 每个人都知道
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  and so there was obviously some morbific substance
  很显然有一些致病的物质
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  that passed from one body to another.
  从一个人传染给另一个人
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  The disease, in other words, seemed to be something specific;
  换句话说这种疾病似乎有些特殊
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  and this helped to promote also the idea of a new concept of disease.
  这一点也推进了疾病的一种新概念
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  And syphilis tried physicians
  梅毒考验着医师
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  because it really was an incurable disease at the time,
  因为在那时候梅毒是不可治愈的