the factors being here, human, vehicle,

这里的因素即人交通工具
physical environment, social, legal environment;

物理环境社会法制环境
and the phases being pre-event, event, and post-event.

阶段就是事前事件发生和事后
What Haddon meant by this is for the phases,

哈顿所说的这些阶段
if you think of injuries occurring during motor vehicle crashes,

如果你想下发生在撞车过程中的伤亡
and he created this matrix principally for motor vehicle crashes,

他主要是针对撞车事件创设的这个矩阵
but then realized that it was widely applicable

但后来发现这个可以广泛地适用于
to other public health problems.

其它公共卫生领域的问题
The event would be the actual crash of the car,

事件是撞车事件本身
but there are things that can be done

但是在撞车发生前
that reduce the likelihood of an injury

撞车之后
before the car crashes,

还有撞车当时