来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：古希腊历史简介 第4集 第4集》

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  throughout the rest of their history,
  并贯穿于他们之后的历史中
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  so that you have built into that society an inherent conflict.
  由此使得这种冲突在这个社会中传承了下来
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  After all, even these heroes
  毕竟 即使是这些英雄
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  need communities in which to live
  也需要在市井中生活
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  for all the various purposes that human beings do.
  像普通人一样为各种目的劳碌奔波
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  So, you would think they have some allegiance to them.
  因此 你们会认为他们忠于所在的集体
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  They do, but they also have an allegiance to their families
  确实是的 但是他们也忠于他们的家庭
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  and to themselves,
  以及他们自己
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  which, in Homer, tend to predominate,and yet
  在荷马史诗中后二者占了主导地位 然而
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  there is a sense in which the conflict is very real.
  在这之间的确有着真实的冲突
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  If you look at the problem in Homer,
  你可以看到荷马史诗中有关于此的问题
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  Achilles when he withdraws and refuses to fight for the army,
  阿喀琉斯 当他撤退并拒绝了为军队战斗时