is supported by neurological studies,

得到了神经研究的支持
some of which were referred to in the chapters on the brain

在之前大家阅读的关于大脑的章节中
that you read earlier that talk about dedicated parts of the brain

对专门负责语言功能脑区的探讨
that work for language.

就描述了其中的一些研究
And if parts of these brains--if parts

如果这些脑区
--if these parts of the brain are damaged

如果这些脑区受到损伤
you get language deficits or aphasias

那就会患上各种语言障碍或失语症
where you might lose the ability to understand or create language.

就是说可能会失去理解或创造语言的能力
More speculatively, there has been some fairly recent work

更具体的来说
studying the genetic basis of language,

一些最新的语言遗传基础研究
looking at the genes that are directly responsible

探查了直接影响语言学习
for the capacity to learn and use language.

及使用能力的基因