来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：心理学导论 第6集 第6集》

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  There's a list, a finite list, of possible sounds that language can use.
  语言使用的可能声音列表是有限的
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  I'm going to put aside for the moment
  我想暂时把手语
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  the question of sign languages and how they work.
  及其如何作用的问题先放到一边
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  I'm going to talk about them in a little bit.
  我会简单的讲下它们
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  The idea is that English has about forty of these phonemes.
  英语拥有大约四十个音位
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  So, if you're a native monolingual speaker of English
  如果你是英语母语的单语说话者
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  you hear speech
  你听到一段演讲
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  and each sound you hear is categorized as
  你所听到的每个声音
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  falling into one of those forty morphemes--sorry, phonemes.
  都被归类为这四十个音位中的一个
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  So, for example, English has a phoneme of "Lu,"
  例如 英语有"Lu"
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  "L," and a phoneme of "R."
  "L" 和"R"的音位
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  And so, an English speaker can hear the difference
  所以 英语说话者可以听出