来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：资本主义：成功、危机与改革 第2集 第2集》

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  I'm going to tell this one in words
  我会先口述
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  and then give you the diagram.
  再给你们看一些图表
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  In every society, in the Malthusian phase,
  在每一个社会中 在马尔萨斯那个时期
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  life is short and babies are plentiful
  人的寿命很短 孩子又很多
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  so that a typical household might have eight or ten children,
  所以一个典型家庭中可能有八到十个孩子
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  of whom perhaps three or four might survive into adulthood,
  而只有三到四个能活到成年
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  and having survived into adulthood many would die
  那些活到成年的孩子
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  at your age or something like it.
  可能和你们差不大就去世了
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  The throughput of human beings was extremely fast,
  人类的新老更替非常地迅速
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  that's a way to think of it in relation to total population.
  要考虑到这一点和总人口的关系
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  Then the death rate falls, and when the death rate falls
  之后死亡率下降 当死亡率下降的时候
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  the birthrate does not respond right away.
  出生率并没有相应下降