particularly the beginning of the 1960s,

特别是二十世纪六十年代初
is very, very crucial in the case of Africa.

对非洲来说至关重要
And this, despite the insistence of Winston Churchill,

不论温斯顿·丘吉尔怎么坚持
for one, that the British Empire would not be dismembered.

就拿他来说大英帝国不会分裂
In Britain this transition from colony to independent state stays

英国在从殖民地到独立国家的转变过程中
often replete and full of problems, came without violence,

仍然充斥着大量问题没有暴动
came generally without insurrection.

也基本没有造反
This was not the case with France nor,

你们可能有人知道
as you know, some of you,

这既与法国的情况迥异
not the case in Portuguese, for Portuguese colonies as well.

也和葡萄牙殖民地的情况相左
The Netherlands and Britain both resisted independence movements

荷兰和英国在失败之前
before caving in.

都抵制过独立运动