but even with the very short of period of time that this has been actively researched,

但即使在这么短的研究时间里
we see some human biological evidence.

我们还是找到了一些人类的生理证据
First we see some neuroimaging research

我们看到国家药物滥用研究所的
coming out of The National Institute of Drug Abuse

一些神经影像学研究
and Nora Volkow is a very famous researcher

诺拉·沃尔考是一位非常知名的研究员
who was really known for identifying the dopamine pathways

她以发现了多巴胺通路闻名
as something very important in substance abuse and dependence.

这一发现对物质滥用和依赖研究很关键
What she did is she took cocaine addicts

她让可卡因上瘾者
and she put them in the scanner, and she scanned their brains

进入扫描仪然后扫描他们的大脑
specifically paying attention to the dopamine pathway.

她特别关注了多巴胺通路
What she found is that

她发现
people who became addicted to cocaine and consumed more cocaine

可卡因上瘾者吸食的可卡因越多