来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：金融理论 第4集 第4集》

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  because it maximized the sum of utilities.
  因为他最大化了效用的总和
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  But then little by little, starting with Irving Fisher and
  但是渐渐地 从欧文·费雪开始
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  a bunch of people at the same time and a little bit later,
  大量同时期或者年代较晚的科学家
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  so Hicks and Samuelson are famous for this,
  比如希克斯和萨缪尔森都以此文明
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  they began to wonder what kind of crazy utility functions are
  他们开始思考哪种类型的疯狂的效用函数
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  these where there's some mysterious good that has
  因为拥有了不变的边际效用1
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  constant marginal utility of 1.
  而显得神秘又有利于经济发展
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  So in modern terms how could you justify it?
  根据现代的方式你们如何证实它
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  You could say, "Well, maybe there's a
  你可能会说"可能有一种机制"
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  machine where we can calibrate exactly how happy people are and
  "在此机制下我们可以精确测量
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  we can measure it.
  人们的快乐度"
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  So for example, we can measure how aroused their skin is.
  比如 我们可以测量他们皮肤的敏感度