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The vector describing its location changes by this tiny vector.
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It's just the step in the x direction times i,
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plus step in the y direction times j.
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So, what you're finding is the following combination.
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The x component of F times the x component of v,
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plus the y component of F, times the y component of v.
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Or F component of x times the distance moved in x
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plus y component of F times the displacement in y.
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So, we are running into the following combination.
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We are saying, there seem to be in all these problems,
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two vectors, i·Ax + j·Ay.
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A, for example, could be the force that I'm talking about.