the nineteenth century through migration,

通过移民的方式
because more people die in cities than are born there--why?

城市人的死亡率大于出生率为什么
Because of unhealthy quarters. The life expectancy

因为不健康的住处举个例子来说
in Lille, for example, was about nineteen-years-old,

在里尔生命的期望值大约在十九岁
the same thing in Manchester.

同样的事情在曼彻斯特
That includes infant mortality, so that's a little bit skewed;

包括新生儿死亡率这是有一点曲解的
but, still, cities are unhealthy places.

但是城市是不健康的地方
Old people, the miserably poor people also go to Paris to

老人们可悲地穷人们也去巴黎
try to find charity and ultimately to die.

尝试寻求施舍最终死亡
Child abandonment, infanticide and all the things that

孩子的遗弃杀婴犯以及我以前
I mentioned before--disease, the cholera disease rips through

提过的所有事情霍乱疾病在1832年至1849年
Paris in 1832 and 1849, again in 1884.

在巴黎爆发再次在1884年爆发