which is very important for contemporary economic theory,

这个贡献对当代经济理论
neoclassical economics.

新古典经济学都非常重要
They call this preferences, that we have preferences,

他们称其为喜好我们有喜好
and therefore individuals will attach different values to different utilities.

因此个人将不同的价值附加给不同的功利
And this really comes from the work of John Stuart Mill,

这其实源于约翰·斯图亚特·穆勒的理论
when he makes this distinction between legality and justice,

他明确了合法性和公正之间的这个区别
and what is legal is not necessarily just,

合法不一定公正
and what is just is necessarily approved by laws.

而公正必须经过法律批准
And then justice and expediency:

然后是公正与权宜
what is expedient is not necessarily just,

权宜不一定公正
and well just may have its cost

而充分的公正必有其代价
and may not be the fastest way to get there.

并且可能不是最快实现公正的方式