in the historical period--once we start having written records

在刚开始有文字记录的那个历史时期
by the Greeks themselves, the thing that is the standard position--

希腊的初始状态是怎样的
what is this thing on the computer when you fall back to a position?

就像当你将电脑重置到出厂设置时
What do you call that position?

你怎么称呼那个状态
What is it? Default, that's right.

叫什么没错是默认
Good, the default position in Greek political theory is aristocracy;

很好希腊的默认政治状态是贵族统治
that is the normal thing.

这就是它的常态
A very good example of that is what I've been telling you;

我刚刚讲的就是一个很好的例子
that's really what happens. And here's another thing,

确有其事还有另外一个例子
if you go to the end of the Greek story,

当我们走到希腊神话描述的那个时代的尽头
when you think about political theory, there's Plato.

当你思考政治学说时柏拉图会给予你启示
and when he lays out the ideal society in his view

他在《理想国》一书中论述了心目中的