来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：1945年后的美国小说 第6集 第6集》

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  Fourth--and this goes along with that--a rejection of convention,
  第四 随着对习俗的摒弃
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  especially sexual convention, sexual morality,
  特别是性习俗 性道德
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  and that's the obvious connection to this book,
  这点显然与本书有明显的联系
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  the very deep roots of modernism.
  也是现代主义最深的的根源
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  However, at the same time there's an idea
  与此同时 也有一种观点
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  that the artist is a kind of technician,
  认为艺术家像技师一样
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  someone whose values are craft, form and style rather than message,
  其价值在于手艺 形式和风格 而非内容
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  personal expression or wisdom of any kind.
  亦非个人情感的表达也非任何意义上的智慧
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  Sixth, this is a term from the critic Joseph Frank: spatial form,
  第六点是批评家约瑟夫·弗兰克提出的一个术语 空间形式
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  the idea that in place of a linear narrative
  他认为人的交错信息模式系统及主旨重复
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  you have a system of cross-references
  而非线性描述
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  and repeated motifs that give the structure of works.
  能够赋予作品其结构