but big changes in their chemistry.

就会发生巨大的改变
You denature them, you can watch them denature because the

它们变性了这种变性是可以观察到的
egg white turns from clear to white and it doesn't go back.

蛋清由透明变为白色再也变不回去
You've irreversibly changed that substance

蛋白质的结构发生不可逆的变化
because you've changed the structure of all the proteins inside.

因为蛋白质内部的全部结构都改变了
That - irreversible changes happen all the time too

这种不可逆的改变时时刻刻都在发生
but here I'm talking about very subtle

但我在这里想讲的是
small changes where you're changing the structure of the protein

对蛋白质结构进行微小的改变
but only a little bit such that it can go back.

小到这种改变是可逆的
One way that you could switch this on

一种方法是通过去除磷酸基团
and off inside the cell is by taking off this phosphorous,

来改变细胞内蛋白的状态
proteins enzymes that do this opposite reaction,

催化添加磷酸基团此逆反应的蛋白酶