来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：博弈论 第7集 第7集》

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  just to make it clear,
  只是为了方便区分
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  so Mr. X is the person at position X.
  所以X先生在X位置上
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  If he enters the election and he wins the election
  如果他参加选举并且获胜
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  then his payoff is B because he entered
  那么他的收益是B 因为他参选
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  -C, --sorry B because he won,
  -C 对不起 B 因为他获胜
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  -C because he had to pay his election expense.
  -C 因为他要支付选举成本
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  But the winning candidate is him so he gets no disutility
  但由于他就是获胜者所以他没有
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  from the winning candidate being someone else.
  由获胜者是别人而带来的负效应
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  Second possibility,
  第二种可能
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  if Mr. X enters but Mr. Y wins,
  如果X先生参选但是Y先生获胜
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  then X's payoff is what?
  X先生的收益是什么
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  He still incurred -C because he ran
  他同样有-C的收益因为他参加了竞选