来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：现代社会理论基础 第19集》

• 
  
  Or the new leader wants to take it over--too often,
  或者害怕新的领袖想要取代自己 通常
• 
  
  very often, we see charismatic leaders designating leaders
  我们会看到感召权威型领袖指定了继任者
• 
  
  and then murdering them.
  接着就将继任者杀掉了
• 
  
  That's a long history in humankind.
  这种事在人类历史中早有先例
• 
  
  But, you know, an interesting example was
  但是 这有个非常有趣的例子
• 
  
  that Stalin tried to build up his charisma by faking a testimonial
  斯大林曾试图伪造一份列宁写的推荐信
• 
  
  of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin,
  以此来树立自己的感召权威
• 
  
  in which assumedly Lenin said that
  在这封伪造的书信中
• 
  
  Stalin will be the successor.
  他假装列宁说过 他斯大林将是继任者
• 
  
  This was all a lie.
  但这根本就是个谎言
• 
  
  Lenin actually disliked Stalin a great deal
  事实上列宁非常不喜欢斯大林
• 
  
  and was very reluctant to name a successor.
  而且他非常不情愿指定一个继任者