The archaeological evidence is that

考古学证据表明
it was being challenged in the latter respect

早在公元前六世纪
by the Athenians as early as in the sixth century.

它的地位就开始受到了雅典的威胁
So, these are the kind of states that would have been complaining

抱怨雅典人的主要就是上述几个城邦
and thinking that if the Athenians

它们认为如果听任雅典人
had a walled city that they could defend,

筑起了足以御敌的城墙
it would make them more confident

他们就会更加没有忌惮
and possibly more aggressive

更具有攻击性
and more trouble for their neighbors.

给邻邦带来更多的麻烦
In the war, the Athenians had shown an astonishing daring,

在战争中雅典人表现出了惊人的勇气
especially at sea,

尤其是在海上
which obviously was making some of their old enemies

这显然使它的邻邦和一些老对头