来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：心理学导论 第10集 第10集》

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  And these are different. Obviously, for instance,
  这二者不同 很明显 比如
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  animals do all sorts of things
  动物会做各种事情
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  to help survive and reproduce
  来保证他们的生存及繁衍
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  but a cockroach doesn't think
  但是蟑螂却不会想
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  "oh,I'm doing this
  我要做这个来
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  to help survive and reproduce and spread my genes."
  帮助我生存繁衍和传播基因
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  A cockroach doesn't know anything about genes.
  一只蟑螂根本不知道什么是基因
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  Rather, the mechanisms that make it do
  所以 驱使它去这么做
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  what it does are different
  的机制与其自身心理状态
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  from its own mental states, if it has any--why it does them.
  不同 如果它有的话 为什么这么做
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  This is a point nicely made by William James.
  威廉姆·詹姆斯有一个很棒的观点
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  So, William James is asked,
  有人问威廉姆·詹姆斯