is this game lies between the two extreme cases that

是因为这个博弈介于
you learn about in your Intro Economics class.

经济学导论的两种极端情况之间
One extreme case is perfect competition

一个极端情况是完全竞争
and the other extreme case is monopoly.

另一个则是垄断
So this is really the first attempt,

因此这就是它的第一个诱人之处
way back in the nineteenth century to study

我们要回到十九世纪
a market that's somewhere in the middle,

去研究一个介于两者之间的市场
where it happens most markets are there are two firms.

那个年代大多数市场都只有两家公司
We're interested in two things here.

我们只需要研究两样东西
We're interested in what's going to happen in these markets.

我们需要研究这样的市场会如何发展
And then from a welfare point of view, from a policy point of view,

其次从政治上的福利观点来看
we're interested about

我们还需要研究